Full C programming Part -1

                                                       C - Language 

Algorithm : A finite set of stps that provide a chain of actions for solving a problem .

- It is the step by step solution to given problem

Ex.:- 

step 1 : Start

Step 2 : Take three variables a,b,c

Step 3 : Read values for a,b

Step 4 : c = a + b

Step 5 : print c

Step 6 : stop 

Flowchart : A flow chart is a visual representation of the sequence of steps for solving a problem.

Commonly used symbols in flow charts is

1. Start and end :-
2. process / Declarction
3. Input / output :-
4. Decision  (or) Test condition
5. flow lines ;- denotes the beginning or end of program.

Ex.

Programming language ;-

which language ,we are using to develop programs that particular language is caued programming language.

Program ; - 

A  Coollection of statements or a set of instruction is caued a program.

source code : 
which is uderstandable by the computer is caued object code i.e 0's and 1's (Binary code)

C- language : - -  

• A high level programming language is caued C- language.
• c- language is also known as prodedure oriented language

Translator :- It can be translate source code into object code

Type of translator :-

1. Compiler :- it is used to translate source codee to object code whole program at a same time and displays errors if (any) at bottom of the screen. compilers are used in C,C++ etc..
2. Interpreter :- it is used to translate to s.c to o.c line by line (or) line at a time .the disadvaantage is it takes more time to compile.
3. Assembler :- 

• it is used in assembly language programming to translate memonic codesinto object codes.
• Generally memonic codes are used assembler language.

Programming rules :- 

1. Every program must have a main() function.
2. every statement must terminate with ; except control statements.
3. Executable part must follows the declaration part.
4. Numer of opening braces must be balance with number of closing braces.

Tokens :- In a passage of test, individual characters and punctuation mark are called tokens. Same as in C - program indiviidual characters words etc are caued c-tokens.

C- tokens ;-

(1) Character set :-

• Characters are used to form words numbers and expressions.
• characters are divided into 4 types.

(i) Letter (a-z & A-Z)

(ii) Digits (0-9)

 (iii) Symbols & special characters ( @,$,-,+,*,etc...

(iv) White spaces (blank space, vertical tab ,horizontaltab)

(2) Constant :- Constant in C are applicable to the values, which do not change during the program execution.